The C-MOF applications mentioned above require the formation of high-quality thin films with controlled film thickness down to nanometer scale (<100 nm), smooth and uniform surface, and densely packed thin-film MOF particles to ensure fast transport of charge carriers across the thin film 21. Recently, the immobilization of nanocatalyst has been applied to C-MOFs, and was demonstrated of enhancing the performance of Li-S batteries 20 and gas sensors 15. These pores can be utilized to immobilize nanoscale catalysts such as Au, Pd, and Pt, and since the reactivity of the catalysts improves with increasing surface area, well-dispersed nanoscale catalysts can drastically enhance the overall catalytic performance of MOFs 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. The key features of MOFs are their high porosity and regularly arranged pores. These properties broaden the applicability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) (which have traditionally been electrically insulating) to various applications such as transistors 6, electrodes 7, 8, 9, 10, and resistive chemical sensors 11, 12, 13, 14. MiCS, can provide an efficient way to fabricate highly active and conductive porous materials for various applications.Ĭonductive metal–organic frameworks (C-MOFs) are emerging materials receiving a great deal of interest in recent years due to their many attractive properties, such as high porosity, narrow pore-size distribution and periodically organized pores, adjustable bandgap, and designable electrical charge transport properties 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The thin film displays high nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) sensing properties at room temperature in air amongst two-dimensional materials, owing to the high surface area and porosity of the ultra-thin C-MOFs, and the catalytic activity of the nanoscopic catalysts embedded in the C-MOFs. The MiCS method synthesizes nanoscopic catalyst-embedded C-MOF particles within the microfluidic channels, and simultaneously grows catalyst-embedded C-MOF thin-film uniformly over a large area using solution shearing. Here, we develop microfluidic channel-embedded solution-shearing (MiCS) for ultra-fast (≤5 mm/s) and large-area synthesis of high quality nanocatalyst-embedded C-MOF thin films with thickness controllability down to tens of nanometers. However, developing facile and scalable synthesis of high quality ultra-thin C-MOFs while simultaneously immobilizing functional species within the MOF pores remains challenging.
The immobilization of various functional species within the pores of C-MOFs can further improve the performance and extend the potential applications of C-MOFs thin films. Conductive metal-organic framework (C-MOF) thin-films have a wide variety of potential applications in the field of electronics, sensors, and energy devices.
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